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  • Title: Panic-fear in asthma: generalized personality trait vs. specific situational state.
    Author: Dirks JF, Fross KH, Evans NW.
    Journal: J Asthma Res; 1977 Jul; 14(4):161-7. PubMed ID: 914728.
    Abstract:
    Previous studies have found that both ASC and MMPI Panic-Fear scale scores are related to the maintenance of the medical intractability of asthma. Despite the large overlap of these two scales, they measure somewhat different aspects of "Panic-Fear". The ASC measures a situational response (state variable) to breathing difficulties, while the MMPI measures a more stable, diffuse, and global personality characteristic (trait variable). The present study analyzes the relationship between these state and trait variables as they relate to the intensity of prescribed discharge medication. The results indicate that it is the trait variable which is more important in the maintenance of the medical intractability of asthma. The state variable is implicated in maintaining the illness only to the extent that it is a specific manifestation of the trait variable.
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