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  • Title: Localization of interleukin-1 beta mRNA in the cerebral ganglion of the protochordate, Styela plicata.
    Author: Pestarino M, De Anna E, Masini MA, Sturla M.
    Journal: Neurosci Lett; 1997 Feb 07; 222(3):151-4. PubMed ID: 9148237.
    Abstract:
    There is evidence that interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) plays an important role in several biological functions in mammals where it is synthesized by cells of haematological, dermal and neural origin. Moreover, production of cytokine-like molecules has been demonstrated in some blood cells of non-mammalian vertebrates and invertebrates in which also nerve cells are demonstrated to be IL-1 beta immunoreactive. The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the IL-1 beta mRNA expression in nerve cells of the ascidian Styela plicata by use of non-isotopic in situ hybridization technique. The expression of IL-1 beta messenger was demonstrated in monopolar neurons in the cortical layer of the cerebral ganglion. The neuronal expression of cytokine-like molecules in tunicates suggests that IL-1 beta is an ancestral and functionally conserved molecule, and that a neuroimmune axis appeared early during the metazoan phylogeny.
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