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  • Title: Pharmacology of butylthio[2.2.2] (LY297802/NNC11-1053): a novel analgesic with mixed muscarinic receptor agonist and antagonist activity.
    Author: Shannon HE, Sheardown MJ, Bymaster FP, Calligaro DO, Delapp NW, Gidda J, Mitch CH, Sawyer BD, Stengel PW, Ward JS, Wong DT, Olesen PH, Suzdak PD, Sauerberg P, Swedberg MD.
    Journal: J Pharmacol Exp Ther; 1997 May; 281(2):884-94. PubMed ID: 9152398.
    Abstract:
    Butylthio[2.2.2], ((+)-(S)-3-(4-butylthio-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2] octane; LY297802/NNC11-1053) is a muscarinic receptor ligand which is equiefficacious to morphine in producing antinociception. In vitro, butylthio[2.2.2] had high affinity for muscarinic receptors in brain homogenates, but had substantially less or no affinity for several other neurotransmiter receptors and uptake sites. In isolated tissues, butylthio[2.2.2] was an agonist with high affinity for M1 receptors in the rabbit vas deferens (IC50 = 0.33 nM), but it was an antagonist at M2 receptors in guinea pig atria (pA2 = 6.9) and at M3 receptors in guinea pig urinary bladder (pA2 = 7.4) and a weak partial agonist in guinea pig ileum, which contains a heterogeneous population of muscarinic receptors. In vivo, butylthio[2.2.2] was without effect on acetylcholine, dopamine and serotonin levels in rat brain. Moreover, butylthio[2.2.2] did not decrease charcoal meal transit in mice, nor did it significantly alter heart rate in rats. Further, butylthio[2.2.2] did not produce parasympathomimetic effects such as salivation or tremor in mice, but it antagonized salivation and tremor produced by the nonselective muscarinic agonist oxotremorine. The present data demonstrate that butylthio[2.2.2] is a novel muscarinic receptor mixed agonist/antagonist and its pharmacological profile suggests that it may have clinical utility in the management of pain as an alternative to opioids.
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