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  • Title: Missiles in the cardiovascular system.
    Author: Symbas PN, Symbas PJ.
    Journal: Chest Surg Clin N Am; 1997 May; 7(2):343-56. PubMed ID: 9156296.
    Abstract:
    A missile in the cardiovascular system is a rare complication of a projectile wound. A missile in the heart should be suspected in the patient with a projectile wound of the thorax and in whom, on chest radiography, a missile is seen in the cardiac silhouette. A missile should be suspected in the patient with a projectile wound elsewhere with similar radiographic findings, no exit wound, and no missile in the area of injury. A missile in the arterial system should be suspected when no exit wound and no projectile are seen in the traumatized area. In such a case, radiography of the entire body should be done. The diagnosis of a suspected missile in the cardiovascular system is confirmed by echocardiography or angiography. Treatment should be individualized according to the clinical manifestations of the patient and the site of the missile.
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