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  • Title: Two-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy with laparoscopic clipping of the spermatic vessels.
    Author: Law GS, Pérez LM, Joseph DB.
    Journal: J Urol; 1997 Sep; 158(3 Pt 2):1205-7. PubMed ID: 9258174.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: We report the outcome of a staged approach to the intra-abdominal testicle and provide baseline data on operative time, postoperative course and testicular survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 441 boys (547 undescended testes). There were 105 boys (24%) with 124 nonpalpable testes (23%). All patients underwent laparoscopy. Ligation of spermatic vessels was performed as stage 1 on 20 abdominal testes (4%) in 18 boys (4%). Stage 2 orchiopexy was done using an open technique. RESULTS: Two-stage orchiopexy in 18 boys included a bilateral procedure in 2, of which 1 was asynchronous and 1 was synchronous. Average operative time was 55 minutes for stage 1 and 67 minutes for stage 2. Stage 1 and 2 procedures were performed on an outpatient basis in 18 and 17 (94%) boys, respectively. There were no complications after stage 1 and 1 wound infection developed after stage 2. One testis with no vas deferens was determined to be nonviable at stage 2. The remaining 19 testes (95%) were considered viable at a followup of 6 months or greater. Viability was based on testicular size and consistency similar to those of the contralateral testis. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic ligation of spermatic vessels as a stage 1 procedure is a natural extension of laparoscopy. A staged approach provides adequate viability of the intra-abdominal testis.
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