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  • Title: Immunization coverage among urban and rural children in the Shimla hills.
    Author: Dhadwal D, Sood R, Gupta AK, Ahluwalia SK, Vatsayan A, Sharma R.
    Journal: J Commun Dis; 1997 Jun; 29(2):127-30. PubMed ID: 9282511.
    Abstract:
    A cross sectional study was carried out to assess immunisation coverage among 257 urban and 339 rural children aged 13-36 months who were vaccinated at pulse polio booths in Shimla hills. 84.37% urban children and 57.59% rural children were fully vaccinated. BCG scar was negative in a large number of children, especially from rural areas. Increasing maternal education was associated with complete immunisation. OPV I-III dropouts were 3% among urban children and 15% among rural. The corresponding dropout rates for DPT I-III were 1% and 8% respectively. The immunisation coverage in this region was higher than others. Sustained efforts are required to achieve full immunisation coverage and eradicate polio and measles. In India, where the universal immunization program launched in 1985 has dramatically reduced the incidence of preventable childhood diseases, pockets of low immunization still exist in the country's tribal and hilly areas. To obtain an accurate picture of immunization coverage in Shimla district, a cross-sectional study of 257 urban and 339 rural children 13-36 months of age from 30 urban and 30 rural clusters was conducted. Study participants were recruited at pulse polio booths in Shimla hills on a national immunization day in 1995. 286 (84.37%) urban and 148 (57.59%) rural children were fully vaccinated. The drop-out rates for oral polio vaccine were 3% among urban children and 15% among rural children; for diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine, these rates were 1% and 8%, respectively, and for measles vaccine, they were 94.1% and 81.3%, respectively. Complete immunization was positively associated with maternal education. Sustained efforts are required to achieve full immunization coverage in India.
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