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  • Title: Cholinergic and peptidergic regulation of siphon/mantle function in the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha.
    Author: Ram JL, Baidoun F, Ram ML, Croll RP.
    Journal: Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol; 1997 Jul; 117(3):275-82. PubMed ID: 9297807.
    Abstract:
    Neurotransmitter regulation of the siphon and adjacent mantle region of bivalves has not previously been examined. In the biofouling bivalve, Dreissena polymorpha, acetylcholine and FMRFamide both elicited contractions of siphon/mantle preparations. Hexamethonium bromide inhibited acetylcholine-elicited contractions but had no effect on FMRFamide-elicited contractions. FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity and chromatographic evidence for acetylcholine were found in central ganglia and the siphon/mantle region. Extracts of siphons, gonads, and gills, separated on Sephadex G-25, also contained macromolecules larger than acetylcholine and FMRFamide that caused siphon/mantle contraction. These results demonstrate regulation of contraction by several potential neurotransmitter agents in a new bivalve preparation, the siphon/mantle.
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