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  • Title: Chlamydia pneumoniae in acute otitis media.
    Author: Block SL, Hammerschlag MR, Hedrick J, Tyler R, Smith A, Roblin P, Gaydos C, Pham D, Quinn TC, Palmer R, McCarty J.
    Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J; 1997 Sep; 16(9):858-62. PubMed ID: 9306480.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Aerobic bacterial pathogens are recovered from 65 to 85% of patients with acute otitis media (AOM). Although Chlamydia pneumoniae is a common pathogen of pediatric pneumonia, it has rarely been cultured from children with chronic otitis media and its role in AOM is unknown. METHODS: We cultured for C. pneumoniae in tympanocentesis aspirates and nasopharyngeal swabs from 101 consecutive, otherwise healthy children with AOM or refractory AOM. A control group of 50 similarly aged, healthy children was evaluated for nasopharyngeal carriage of C. pneumoniae. Specimens were also evaluated by PCR for C. pneumoniae. RESULTS: C. pneumoniae was recovered by tympanocentesis in 8 (8%) of 101 children with AOM. Among the 8 children with C. pneumoniae-positive-AOM, 5 had C. pneumoniae detected by PCR in middle ear fluid, none had C. pneumoniae recovered by nasopharyngeal culture or PCR and 5 were younger than 16 months. C. pneumoniae was the sole pathogen isolated in 2 patients. Copathogens included beta-lactamase-positive positive Haemophilus influenzae (2), beta-lactamase positive Moraxella catarrhalis (1), penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (2) and penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae (1). C. pneumoniae was recovered from nasopharyngeal culture in 2 additional patients with C. pneumoniae-negative AOM and in none of 50 healthy control children, although 2 controls were positive by PCR from the nasopharynx. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to report the isolation of C. pneumoniae in middle ear fluid of children with AOM.
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