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  • Title: Lead effects among secondary lead smelter workers with blood lead levels below 80 microgram/100 ml.
    Author: Lilis R, Blumberg WE, Fischbein A, Eisinger J, Diamond S, Anderson HA, Selikoff IJ.
    Journal: Arch Environ Health; 1977; 32(6):256-66. PubMed ID: 931440.
    Abstract:
    A subgroup of workers from a secondary lead smelter was defined to include those with blood lead levels not exceeding 80 microgram/100 ml and with no past history of elevated blood lead. Central nervous system symptoms (tiredness, sleeplessness, irritability, headache) were reported by 55% of the group and muscle and joint pain by 39%. Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) levels were elevated in 71% of cases. Low hemoglobin levels (less than 14 gm/100 ml) were found in more than a third of the workers. While BUN and creatinine were mostly in the normal range, there was nevertheless a correlation between ZPP and both BUN and creatinine. Reduced nerve-conduction velocities were present in 25% of the group; this was not significantly different from findings in a control group. The data indicate that a blood level of 80 microgram/100 ml is an inappropriate biological guide in the prevention of lead disease.
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