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  • Title: Analysis of Mycobacterium avium complex serovars isolated from AIDS patients from southeast Brazil.
    Author: Saad MH, Vincent V, Dawson DJ, Palaci M, Ferrazoli L, Fonseca Lde S.
    Journal: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz; 1997; 92(4):471-5. PubMed ID: 9361739.
    Abstract:
    The purpose of this study was to assess the distribution of Mycobacterium avium serovars isolated from AIDS patients in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Ninety single site or multiple site isolates from 75 patients were examined. The most frequent serovars found were 8 (39.2%), 4 (21.4%) and 1 (10.7%). The frequency of mixed infections with serovar 8 or 4 was 37.8%. Among the 90 strains examined, M. intracellulare serovars (7 strains) and M. scrofulaceum (4 strains) were found in 11 isolates (12%) indicating that M. avium (88%) was the major opportunistic species in the M. avium complex isolates in Brazilian AIDS patients. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) organisms have been associated with severe opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS in the US. The present study analyzed the distribution of 90 MAC serovars isolated from 75 AIDS patients from Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1990-94. 56 isolates (62.2%) showed a single serovar--predominantly serovars 8 (39.2%), 4 (21.4%), and 1 (10.7%). In the 34 isolates (37.8%) in which more than one serovar was identified, 19 (55.9%) were from a single site and 15 (44.1%) were isolated from different sites or from the same site but at different times. The most common serovars in mixed infections from both single and different sites were 8 (34.2% and 37%, respectively)) and 4 (21.1% and 25.9%, respectively). Only 11 isolates (12%) were M. intracellulare or M. scrofulaceum strains, indicating that M. avium was the opportunistic species in 88% of the MAC isolates in these Brazilian AIDS patients. Although the serovars detected in this series are similar to those found in US AIDS patients, the occurrence of mixed serovars was substantially higher in Brazilian AIDS patients. The clinical implications of polyclonal infections in Brazilian AIDS patients require further investigation, especially since serovars from distinct sites may have distinct drug resistance patterns.
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