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  • Title: Vaccine-induced canine distemper in European mink, Mustela lutreola.
    Author: Sutherland-Smith MR, Rideout BA, Mikolon AB, Appel MJ, Morris PJ, Shima AL, Janssen DJ.
    Journal: J Zoo Wildl Med; 1997 Sep; 28(3):312-8. PubMed ID: 9365945.
    Abstract:
    This report describes vaccine-induced canine distemper virus (CDV) infection in four European mink (Mustela lutreola) induced by the administration of a multivalent, avian-origin vaccine. Clinical signs consisting of seizures, ataxia, facial twitching, oculonasal discharge, hyperkeratosis of footpads, and anorexia developed 16-20 days postvaccination. Conjunctival smears from one animal were positive for CDV antigen by direct fluorescent antibody testing, confirming the clinical diagnosis. The four mink died 16-26 days postvaccination. Gross and microscopic lesions that were diagnostic for CDV infection included interstitial pneumonia, lymphoid depletion, nonsuppurative encephalitis, and dermatitis. Vaccine-strain virus was isolated from tissues of three animals. Cases of vaccine-induced distemper in mustelids using avian-origin vaccine have seldom been reported.
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