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  • Title: Restitution of blood volume after hemorrhage: role of the adrenal cortex.
    Author: Pirkle JC, Gann DS.
    Journal: Am J Physiol; 1976 Jun; 230(6):1683-7. PubMed ID: 937557.
    Abstract:
    Splenectomized and adrenalectomized-splenectomized dogs, anesthetized with pentobarbital, were bled so that the role of cortisol in restitution of blood volume could be examined. Intact dogs and adrenalectomized dogs infused with cortisol at a high rate (17 mug/min) showed restoration of blood volume and plasma protein at 24 h, preceded by an early increase in plasma osmolality. Adrenalectomized dogs infused with cortisol at basal rates (2 mug/min) showed no increase in plasma osmolality and no restoration of blood volume or plasma protein at 24 h unless extracellular fluid volume was expanded by exogenous fluid. It is concluded that hemorrhage leads to an increase in extracellular osmolality mediated in part by increased cortisol concentrations. As a consequence, there is a shift of intracellular fluid to the interstitium. The resulting increase in interstitial pressure accelerates lymphatic movement of interstitial protein to the vascular system. This results in a reequilibration of extracellular fluid toward the plasma, thus completing the restitution of blood volume. The osmotically active agents mobilized by cortisol do not appear to be glucose, sodium, or potassium.
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