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  • Title: Complex regional pain syndrome.
    Author: Pittman DM, Belgrade MJ.
    Journal: Am Fam Physician; 1997 Dec; 56(9):2265-70, 2275-6. PubMed ID: 9402812.
    Abstract:
    The term "complex regional pain syndrome" encompasses causalgia and reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Symptoms of burning pain with autonomic and tissue changes begin shortly after an injury, usually to a distal extremity. The diagnosis is based on the history and the clinical findings. No confirmatory tests are available, although plain radiographs or a three-phase bone scan may be helpful in diagnosing some cases. Aggressive treatment, which may include sympathetic blockade, medications, physical therapy and psychotherapy, is essential for a favorable outcome. Despite treatment, many patients are left with varying degrees of chronic pain and disability.
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