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  • Title: Hydrostatic versus oleic acid-induced pulmonary edema: high-resolution computed tomography findings in the pig lung.
    Author: Im JG, Yu YJ, Ahn JM, Han MC, Oh YS.
    Journal: Acad Radiol; 1994 Dec; 1(4):364-72. PubMed ID: 9419513.
    Abstract:
    RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the differences between combined hydrostatic and hypervolemic edema and oleic acid-induced edema on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans. METHODS: Twelve anesthetized and ventilated pigs were studied. Hydrostatic edema was induced by ligation of the abdominal aorta and infusion of normal saline (n = 4); permeability edema was induced by intravenous injection of oleic acid (n = 4). Four pigs were studied as normal controls. Serial scans were obtained before and after induction of edema at a constant position in the caudal lobe of the lung. The distribution of edema was assessed visually. Cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of the pulmonary artery and vein were measured both at the lobar and segmental levels. RESULTS: Gravity-dependent opacity, peribronchovascular fluid collection, prominent centrilobular core, thickening of the interlobular septa, and air-space consolidation at the dependent site were the sequential HRCT findings of hydrostatic edema. Randomly distributed, diffuse patchy high attenuation areas with a tendency for predilection in the subpleural and peripheral areas of the secondary lobule were the findings of oleic acid-induced edema. Hydrostatic edema increased the mean CSAs of the lobular vein by 137.8% +/- 78.7, but oleic acid edema decreased the mean CSAs by 33.2% +/- 22.7. Changes in the mean CSAs of the pulmonary arteries were not significant. The mean vein-to-artery ratio increased significantly in hydrostatic edema but decreased in oleic acid edema. CONCLUSION: HRCT findings for hydrostatic and oleic acid-induced pulmonary edema differed both in distribution of edema and in pulmonary vascular response.
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