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  • Title: Size and shape of soft-tissue facial profile: effects of age, gender, and skeletal class.
    Author: Ferrario VF, Sforza C.
    Journal: Cleft Palate Craniofac J; 1997 Nov; 34(6):498-504. PubMed ID: 9431467.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: A method for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the facial soft-tissue profile has been developed, and applied to analyze the pretreatment lateral head films of 240 orthodontic patients aged 8 to 14 years. METHODS: Patients were subdivided for sex, age, and skeletal class. To standardize for different facial sizes, soft-tissue profiles from nasion to pogonion were traced in polar coordinates without modifications of facial shape, and standardized for an equal skeletal vertical dimension. RESULTS: The method allowed a simple and rapid quantitative evaluation of soft-tissue profiles during facial growth. An approximate evaluation of the soft-tissue thickness at nose, lips, and chin was also possible. No particular mathematical knowledge was required at any step of the analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Facial soft-tissue size and shape were influenced by age and sex, and to a minor extent by skeletal class.
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