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  • Title: Delayed postural contraction of transversus abdominis in low back pain associated with movement of the lower limb.
    Author: Hodges PW, Richardson CA.
    Journal: J Spinal Disord; 1998 Feb; 11(1):46-56. PubMed ID: 9493770.
    Abstract:
    The temporal parameters of the response of the trunk muscles associated with movement of the lower limb were investigated in people with and without low back pain (LBP). The weight shift component of the task was completed voluntarily prior to a stimulus to move to allow investigation of the movement component of the response. In the control subjects the onset of electromyographic (EMG) activity of all trunk muscles preceded that of the muscle responsible for limb movement, thus contributing to the feed-forward postural response. The EMG onset of transversus abdominis was delayed in the LBP subjects with movement in each direction, while the EMG onsets of rectus abdominis, erector spinae, and oblique abdominal muscles were delayed with specific movement directions. This result provides evidence of a change in the postural control of the trunk in people with LBP.
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