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  • Title: Differential involvement of opioid receptors in intrathecal butorphanol-induced analgesia: compared to morphine.
    Author: Wongchanapai W, Tsang BK, He Z, Ho IK.
    Journal: Pharmacol Biochem Behav; 1998 Mar; 59(3):723-7. PubMed ID: 9512078.
    Abstract:
    The present experiments were performed to investigate the differential involvement of the opioid receptor subtypes in the antinociception of intrathecal (IT) butorphanol compared to IT morphine. A single dose (26 nmol) of IT nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA), and naltrindole (NTI) demonstrated a significant attenuation in the overall antinociception of IT butorphanol (52 nmol) or IT morphine (26 nmol). However, IT butorphanol elicits thermal antinociceptive effect through kappa > delta > or = mu, whereas morphine acts on mu >delta >> kappa. These results indicate that the antinociceptive effect of both IT butorphanol and IT morphine are mediated through mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors in different relative orders.
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