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  • Title: External fixation of lower limb fractures in children.
    Author: Siegmeth A, Wruhs O, Vécsei V.
    Journal: Eur J Pediatr Surg; 1998 Feb; 8(1):35-41. PubMed ID: 9550275.
    Abstract:
    26 children with 29 lower limb fractures, between the age of 2 and 15 years, were treated with an external fixator. The average time to union and removal of the fixator was 71 days for femoral and 73 days for tibial fractures. Complications included pin problems in nine cases, two devices had to be replaced with a cast and one refracture. Leg length discrepancies were noted in five children and radiological malalignment in three. We recommend external fixation for all femoral shaft fractures and all open or dislocated tibial and tibia and fibula fractures beginning at the age of three to adolescence.
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