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  • Title: Microbial translocation and impairment of mucosal immunity induced by an elemental diet in rats is prevented by selective decontamination of the digestive tract.
    Author: Späth G, Hirner A.
    Journal: Eur J Surg; 1998 Mar; 164(3):223-8. PubMed ID: 9562284.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) on intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentrations in a model of intestinal bacterial overgrowth and bacterial translocation induced by an elemental diet in rats. DESIGN: Laboratory study. SETTING: University hospital, Germany. MATERIAL: 45 specific pathogen free female Crl:CD(R) BR rats. INTERVENTIONS: For 7 days, 3 groups of rats were fed orally with standard chow (n = 15), total parenteral nutrition solution (ORAL-TPN, n = 15), or ORAL-TPN plus tobramycin (20 mg/L) and polymyxin E (25 mg/L) (ORAL-TPN + SDD). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), numbers of gram negative enterobacteria and total aerobic bacteria in the caecum, and intestinal concentrations of sIgA. RESULTS: The incidence of bacterial translocation was significantly increased in the group given ORAL-TPN (8/15, 53%) compared with the group given chow (1/15, 7%, p < 0.01). Supplementation of ORAL-TPN with SDD reduced translocation to 0/15. The ORAL-TPN group had a pronounced overgrowth of aerobic bacteria in the caecum, mainly by gram negative enterobacteria, which was prevented by the SDD. The concentrations of intestinal sIgA were significantly reduced in the ORAL-TPN group. SDD resulted in both the soluble and insoluble sIgA fractions in the gut being within the reference ranges. CONCLUSION: SDD prevents gram negative caecal overgrowth and translocation to MLN in rodents fed on ORAL-TPN. The significantly reduced mucosal immunity caused by ORAL-TPN alone is restored by SDD, although one might have expected a further reduction in sIgA concentrations with lower microbial populations than in the ORAL-TPN group. Not only does SDD not seem to affect the mucosa associated immune system adversely, but also depressed mucosal immunity was restored.
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