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  • Title: [Cardiac troponin T in the diagnosis and follow up of suspected myocarditis].
    Author: Lauer B, Niederau C, Kühl U, Schannwell M, Pauschinger M, Strauer BE, Schultheiss HP.
    Journal: Dtsch Med Wochenschr; 1998 Apr 03; 123(14):409-17. PubMed ID: 9581167.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Results of routine laboratory tests for demonstrating myocardial damage in patients suspected of having myocarditis are often negative. This study was undertaken to ascertain (1) whether measuring Tropinin T (cTnT) in these patients can sensitively determine myocardial cell death, (2) to what extent this correlates with the findings of endomyocardial biopsy, and (3) whether measurement of cTnT can provide noninvasive assessment of the course of myocarditis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 80 consecutive patients (52 men, 28 women) with clinically suspected myocarditis were investigated. The main clinical symptoms were heart failure (n = 45), angina pectoris (n = 25) or cardiac arrhythmias (n = 10). In most patients the symptoms had developed in temporal relation to a viral infection. Coronary heart disease was excluded in all by coronary angiography. Interventricular septal endomyocardial biopsies were examined histologically and immunohistologically. cTnT was measured with a highly sensitive sandwich-immunoassay. RESULTS: An increased level of cTnT (> 0.1 ng/ml) was demonstrated in 28 of the 80 patients (35%). Myocarditis was diagnosed histologically in only 5 patients, but immunohistologically in 26 of 28 (93%) with a raised cTnT level and in 23 of 52 (44%) with a normal cTnT level. The cTnT level was more frequently elevated in patients with a brief rather than a long history of myocarditis. After 6 months the cTnT level was elevated in only 4 of 28 patients with myocarditis, but the myocardial biopsy showed persisting myocarditis in 14 patients. CONCLUSION: Measurement of cTnT is a very sensitive way of demonstrating myocardial cell damage in patients clinically suspected of having myocarditis. Immunohistological analysis can often provide positive results even if the histological findings are unremarkable. The sensitivity in diagnosing of cTnT is greatest when the patient is tested shortly after the onset of symptoms.
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