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  • Title: [Hormonal contraception--throboembolism and surgical risk].
    Author: Göretzlehner G, Frick G, Frick U.
    Journal: Zentralbl Gynakol; 1976; 98(10):600-10. PubMed ID: 961166.
    Abstract:
    Epidemiological, coagulational, haemodynamical, and morphological studies are critically analysed in this review. Our attitude about the surgical operation risk under hormonal contraceptives is explained. In smaller operative measures there musn't be a break in hormonal contraception. Planned greater operations are to performe only 4 to 6 weeks after cessation of hormonal contraceptives, i.e., after the first spontaneous menstrual bleeding. Hints for the necessity greater operations without a removal after pill or an additional risk factors are given. The literature on the epidemiology, morphology, hemodynamic, and physiopathology of thromboembolism associated with oral contraception is reviewed. The correlation between oral contraceptives and increased risk of thromboembolic disease has been confirmed by many studies. Oral contraceptives may influence blood coagulation chemistry, the vessel wall, and the blood flow rate; even after medication is stopped, the risk of thromboembolism may continue to be high. It is recommended that hormonal contraception be discontinued several weeks before major surgery and not resumed for several months. For emergency surgery, especially in high-risk patients, preventive measures are strongly indicated.
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