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  • Title: Isolated levocardia associated with absence of inferior vena cava, lobulated spleen and sick sinus syndrome. A case report.
    Author: Kakura H, Miyahara K, Sohara H, Amitani S, Koga M, Moriyama Y, Taira A.
    Journal: Jpn Heart J; 1998 Mar; 39(2):235-41. PubMed ID: 9687832.
    Abstract:
    We evaluated a 68-year-old male patient with isolated levocardia without intracardiac anomaly. The patient's condition was complicated by the absence of the inferior vena cava, a lobulated spleen and sick sinus syndrome. Isolated levocardia without intracardiac anomaly is very rare and only 25 cases of this disease have been reported, to our knowledge. In general, it is accepted that cardiac rhythm disorder is frequently observed in cases of isolated levocardia and/or absence of inferior vena cava. However, there are few cases of isolated levocardia without intracardiac anomaly complicated by the absence of the inferior vena cava, a lobulated spleen and apparent sick sinus syndrome.
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