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  • Title: [Specific changes of the uterine cervix due to contraceptives].
    Author: Werner R, Dinges HP.
    Journal: Zentralbl Gynakol; 1976; 98(15):919-26. PubMed ID: 970001.
    Abstract:
    A group of 344 cervices, produced by conisation within a period of 5 1/2 years, were examined for specific effects of contraceptives. In half of all women, who used oral contraceptives, specific lesions such as "siebartige polypoide Hyperplasie" (cribriform polypoid hyperplasia) were found. The findings and their etiology and importance are discussed. During a 5 1/2-year period, 344 conus and portio specimens were examined as well as the corresponding scrapings from cervix and uterine cavity, for specific effects secondary to oral contraceptives. Oral contraceptive medication was indicated by morphological changes on the endometrium, anamnese, or specific lesions on the cervix epithelium. In 47.5% of the 132 cases where oral contraceptives were used, the cervixes exhibited sharply defined cribform polypoid hyperplasia (called here SPH). In 99 cases a morphological effect on the endometrium was diagnosed. SPH was clinically identifiable 4 years after discontinuing oral contraceptives. In the literature there is disagreement concerning the effect of estrogen or progesterone components in combined hormonal contraceptives on the mucus membrane of the cervix. This study supports the view that it is progesterone, particularly combined with estrogen, which has a proliferative effect. The appearance of SPH in cases of progesterone-dominant preparations in the present study and in pregnant women supports this view.
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