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  • Title: [Bladder exstrophy].
    Author: Mouriquand PD, Wilcox YD.
    Journal: Arch Esp Urol; 1998; 51(6):515-26. PubMed ID: 9773581.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To describe the procedures of bladder exstrophy closure, epispadias repair to achieve urinary control. The approaches to the failed exstrophy are also described. METHODS: Bladder closure soon after birth is performed with concomitant pelvic osteotomy. The different techniques are described. The Cantwell-Ransley technique is preferred for epispadias repair and the Young-Dees-Leadbetter procedure for bladder neck reconstruction. RESULTS: A success rate of 92% and a failure rate of 31% have been reported by different authors. CONCLUSION: To date there is no definitive solution in the treatment of bladder exstrophy. Continent urinary diversion may be warranted in some cases.
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