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  • Title: Effect of acyclovir on bronchoconstriction and urinary leukotriene E4 excretion in aspirin-induced asthma.
    Author: Yoshida S, Sakamoto H, Yamawaki Y, Shoji T, Akahori K, Onuma K, Nakagawa H, Hasegawa H, Amayasu H.
    Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol; 1998 Dec; 102(6 Pt 1):909-14. PubMed ID: 9847430.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Acyclovir (9-[2-hydroxyethoxymethyl] guanine), an inhibitor of the DNA polymerase of the herpes virus, has been reported to exhibit pharmacologic activity other than antiviral activity, including antiasthmatic effects. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of acyclovir on airway responsiveness to the sulpyrine provocation test and to investigate whether this protective activity is associated with a reduction in aspirin-induced excretion of urinary leukotriene E4 (u-LTE4 ), a marker of cysteinyl leukotriene (LT) overproduction that participates in the pathogenesis of aspirin-induced asthma. METHODS: We assessed the effects of pretreatment with acyclovir on bronchoconstriction precipitated by inhalation of sulpyrine in 16 adult patients with mild or moderate aspirin-induced asthma; those who were in stable clinical condition and were hyperresponsive to the sulpyrine provocation test were allocated to this study. A double-blind, randomized, cross-over design was used. u-LTE4 was measured by a combined reverse-phase HPLC enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: Acyclovir protects against aspirin-induced attacks of asthma through mechanisms unrelated to its bronchodilator property but related to the improvement of bronchial hypersensitivity to sulpyrine; protection was nearly complete in all patients (P <.0001). By contrast, after acyclovir, the maximum level of u-LTE4 in patients was significantly lower than that in control subjects (P <. 01). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that acyclovir is not only an antiviral drug but also an inhibitor of analgesic-induced bronchoconstriction, probably acting by inhibiting the release of cysteinyl LTs.
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