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  • Title: [Contraception].
    Author: De Toni T, Rebella C.
    Journal: Minerva Pediatr; 1998 Jun; 50(6):213-8. PubMed ID: 9859649.
    Abstract:
    Health professionals have to regard the sexual and emotional life of adolescents from the aspects of possible medical complications and risk behavior (STDs, AIDS, unwanted pregnancy), especially if the first sexual intercourse occurs before 15-16 years of age. There are no ideal contraceptive methods for adolescents, but whatever is chosen it has to be safe, easy to use, without side effects and completely reversible. The condom used with spermicides is quite popular and prevents STDs (gonococcal infections, chlamydia, cytomegalovirus (CMV), trichomonas, salpingitis, HIV infections), but requires detailed instructions for use and it may rupture. Low-dose oral contraceptives (OCs) are also safe and reliable, especially in the case of frequent sexual intercourse, after abortion and childbirth. Other methods include abstinence, incomplete sexual intercourse (safe sex), postcoital contraception, IUDs, subdermal implants, injectables, cervical caps, and the diaphragm. However, before such a contraceptive is prescribed medical consultation and periodical medical examinations are recommended. In the case of unprotected intercourse, the rupture of the condom, and sexual violation medical consultation is urgently called for. Postcoital contraception (within 48-72 hours after unprotected intercourse) can be prescribed by a physician. Various problems are associated with adolescent sexuality related to their sense of omnipotence, dismissal of risk, inexperience, and timidity.
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