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  • Title: Air pollution and mortality in Madrid, Spain: a time-series analysis.
    Author: Alberdi Odriozola JC, Díaz Jiménez J, Montero Rubio JC, Mirón Pérez IJ, Pajares Ortiz MS, Ribera Rodrigues P.
    Journal: Int Arch Occup Environ Health; 1998 Nov; 71(8):543-9. PubMed ID: 9860163.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship, if any, between air pollutant (sulfur dioxide and total suspended particulate) levels and mortality in the city of Madrid during the period 1986-1992, controlling for weather, season, and influenza epidemics. METHODS: Daily death counts were obtained from the Regional Mortality Registry. Pollution data were supplied by the Municipal Monitoring Network. Time-series analysis methodology was used to assess the link between non-accidental as well as circulatory- and respiratory-disease mortality, on the one hand, and mean daily concentrations of SO2 and total suspended particulate (TSP), on the other. Multivariate autoregressive integrated moving-average (ARIMA) models were used to adjust for season, temperature, relative humidity, and influenza. A sensitivity analysis was run to assess the robustness of the estimators. RESULTS: Graphical analysis revealed a linear relationship between mortality and TSP. The relationship was logarithmic in the case of SO2. TSP lagged 1 day and SO2 lagged 3 days with an independent effect on mortality. This relationship was produced without the detection of a minimal threshold in emission values. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis of an association between pollution levels and mortality between 1986-1992 in Madrid. Additional measures designed to reduce pollution levels without compromising thermal comfort should be implemented.
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