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  • Title: Diarrhoea in children of Nigerian market women: prevalence, knowledge of causes, and management.
    Author: Omokhodion FO, Oyemade A, Sridhar MK, Olaseha IO, Olawuyi JF.
    Journal: J Diarrhoeal Dis Res; 1998 Sep; 16(3):194-200. PubMed ID: 9919017.
    Abstract:
    A cross-sectional survey was carried out among mothers of children aged less than five years in two markets in Ibadan, one with poor environmental sanitation and the other clean and well maintained. The study took place between September 1996 and March 1997. The questionnaire used for this survey sought information about the occurrence of diarrhoea among children aged less than five years, their mothers' knowledge about the management of diarrhoea and their practices, including care-seeking practices, and the use of oral rehydration solutions. Two hundred and sixty-six mothers were interviewed in the first market (Bodija) and 260 in the other (Gbagi). Thirty-seven percent of the children in the cleaner market (Gbagi) were said to have had diarrhoea within the last 3 months compared to 33% of the children in the unhygienic Bodija market (p > 0.05). These results suggest that environmental sanitation may not be a major determinant of diarrhoea among children of the two groups of market women. When their children had diarrhoea, 44% (Bodija) and 40% (Gbagi) of the mothers attended health centres, 33% (Bodija) and 32% (Gbagi) gave ORT at home, and 12% (Bodija) and 19% (Gbagi) purchased drugs at a chemist. The study further showed that, while only one-third of all respondents resorted to home-treatment of diarrhoea with ORS, more than 80% of them knew the components and composition of ORS solution. There is a need to continue to encourage mothers to use ORS and, thus, bridge the knowledge-practice gap in mothers' management of diarrhoea at home. A large proportion of lower socioeconomic status women in Nigeria are petty traders, with many selling their products in markets with poor environmental conditions. Therefore, the children who often accompany their mothers to the market are constantly exposed to health hazards, especially contaminated food and water. Child diarrhea is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in this environment. Findings are presented from a cross-sectional survey conducted among mothers of children under 5 years old in Bodija and Gbagi markets, Ibadan, the former market with poor environmental sanitation and the latter with a clean and well maintained market. The study took place between September 1996 and March 1997. The survey investigated the occurrence of diarrhea among children under age 5 years, their mothers' knowledge about the management of diarrhea, and their practices, including care-seeking practices and the use of oral rehydration solutions (ORS). 266 mothers were interviewed in Bodija and 260 in Gbagi. 33% and 37% of the children in Bodija and Gbagi markets, respectively, were reported to have had diarrhea within the previous 3 months. These results suggest that environmental sanitation may not be a major determinant of diarrhea among the children of these 2 groups of market women. When their children had diarrhea, 44% of mothers in Bodija and 40% in Gbagi attended health centers, 33% and 32% gave ORS at home, and 12% and 19%, respectively, bought drugs at a chemist. Although only approximately 33% of the women treated diarrhea at home with ORS, more than 80% knew the components of ORS solution. Mothers need to be encouraged to use ORS when their children have diarrhea.
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